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Kududzirwa Kwakakwana kweCAR T-Cell Therapy
CAR-T (Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell), iyo inomiririra chimeric antigen receptor T-cells, inzira iyo masero eT emunhu anogadzirwa majini kunze kwemuviri kuti achinjwe, zvichiapa kugona kuziva nekuuraya masero ekenza zvinobudirira asati adzoserwa mumuviri wemurwere, nokudaro achizadzisa chinangwa chekurapa bundu rakaipa.
Kutaura zvazviri, kurapa kweCAR-T hakungoshandiswi kurapa kenza chete asiwo kune mukana mukuru muzvirwere zve autoimmune, hutachiona husingaperi, chirwere chemwoyo, uye zvirwere zvine chekuita nekukwegura.
Masero eT, anozivikanwawo seT lymphocytes, ndiwo ma lymphocytes makuru uye anonyanya kukonzera mhinduro dzemuviri kuzvirwere uye kudzivirira zvirwere. Ane mabasa akadai sekuuraya zvakananga masero anotarirwa, kubatsira nekudzivisa masero eB kugadzira masoja ekudzivirira muviri, kupindura kune maantigen nema mitogens chaiwo, uye kugadzira ma cytokines.
Ehe, masoja emuviri evanhu haangogumiri pamasero eT chete; anosanganisirawo masero eB, ma neutrophils, masero eK, masero eNK, nezvimwewo. Anoita basa rekubvisa marara mumuviri, kuziva nekugadzira masoja ekudzivirira chirwere, uye kuziva nekuuraya utachiona hwekunze nemasero ekenza.
Sezvo masero eT atove nebasa rekuziva nekuuraya masero egomarara, sei zvichikosha kuwedzera CAR kumasero eT kuti tigadzire masero eCAR-T ekuuraya masero egomarara? Izvi zvinotisvitsa kupfungwa yekudzivirira immune system, inova imwe yehunhu hukuru hwegomarara.
Kurapa neCAR-T, kana kuti CAR-T cell therapy, kunosanganisira kupatsanura masero eT emurwere, kuawedzera kunze kwemuviri, uye wozoisa mushonga weantigen wemasero ekenza CAR (chimeric antigen receptor) wakagadzirwa nemaoko kumasero eT. Mushure mekugadzirisa, basa reT lymphocytes rinorwisa bundu rinowedzera zvakanyanya risati radzoserwa mumuviri wemurwere, nokudaro zvichidzoreredza kugona kwemasero eT kuziva nekuuraya masero ekenza. Uyu ndiwo musimboti wekurapa nemasero eCAR-T.
Kurapa kweCAR-T kweImpact Bio IMPT-514 kwagamuchirwa neFDA.
Musi wa21 Nyamavhuvhu, 2024, Impact Bio yakazivisa kuti FDA yakanga yabvumidza kushandiswa kwayo kweIND kwekurapa kweIMPT-514 kwayakaita. IMPT-514 imhando yeCD19/CD20 CAR-T therapy inoshandiswa kurapa active refractory systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Muongororo yekiriniki, IMPT-514 yakaratidzwa kuti inoshanda zvikuru mukugadzira kubva kuvarwere vane immune control yakanyanya kubva kuzvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zve autoimmune, uye yakaratidza kugona kwayo kubvisa maB-cell ne cytokine profile. Axicabtagene ciloleucel CAR-T therapy ye large B-cell lymphoma ichiri kuratidza mhinduro yakasimba mushure memakore mashanu. Musi wa2 Nyamavhuvhu, 2024, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) yakaburitsa mushumo wedata pamusoro pehuwandu hwekurarama kwenguva refu mushure mekurapa kweCAR-T cell. Zvakabuda zvakaratidza kuti pakati pevarwere vakarapwa neCAR-T, mwero wekurarama usina kuenderera mberi kwemakore mashanu waiva 29%, mwero wekurarama kwese kwemakore mashanu (OS) waiva 40%, uye mwero wekurarama kwe5-year lymphoma-specific lymphoma-specific waiva 53%, nekudzokera shure kushoma. Axicabtagene ciloleucel i autologous CD19 chimeric antigen receptor CAR-T cell therapy inotenderwa kurapa relapse or refractory large B-cell lymphoma. Mhedziso: Munzvimbo yakajairika yekutarisira, mhedzisiro yekurapa yeaxicabtagene ciloleucel CAR-T inoenderana nemhedzisiro yakashumwa mumiedzo yekiriniki, nemhinduro dzinogara kwenguva refu dzakaonekwa pachiratidzo chemakore mashanu.
Kurapa kwekutanga kweCAR-T kwakabudirira pasi rose kwechirwere che autoimmune.Musi wa4 Gumiguru, 2024, webhusaiti yeNature yakatungamira mushumo wekuzivisa mhedzisiro yekutsvagisa kubva kuchikwata chekuChina. Masayendisiti akashandisa tekinoroji yekugadzirisa majini yeCRISPR-Cas9 kugadzira masero eCAR-T ane hutano anobva kune vanopa rubatsiro vachitarisa CD19, vachigadzira chizvarwa chitsva chekurapa kweCAR-T kwemarudzi ese kwakabatsira varwere vatatu vane zvirwere zvakakomba zve autoimmune kuti vagamuchire kuregererwa kwenguva refu.
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Matambudziko ekurapa anopwanya chando e "Lung nodule cryoablation"
Kurapwa kwemapundu emumapapu kunosanganisira biopsy ne pneumonectomy.
Matambudziko akadai sepneumothorax nehemothorax ari nyore kuitika panguva ye biopsy.
Kune njodzi dzekuti bundu ribude uye kuti masero egomarara arambe achiwedzera kukura. Zvakaoma kuziva kuti chirwere chacho chinoonekwa sei nekuda kwehuwandu hushoma hwema "biopsy tissue" anoitwa nguva dzose.
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Kenza yemapapu
Kenza yemapapu (inozivikanwawo sekenza yebronchial) ikenza yemapapu yakaipa inokonzerwa nebronchial epithelial tissue ine caliber yakasiyana. Zvichienderana nechitarisiko chayo, yakakamurwa kuita central, peripheral uye hombe (yakasanganiswa).
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Kenza yeMudumbu
Pakutanga kwebundu remudumbu, hapana zviratidzo zvinorwadza uye hapana kurwadziwa kuri pachena, asi masero matsvuku eropa ari mutsvina anogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nekuongororwa kwetsvina nguva dzose uye kuongororwa kweropa, zvichiratidza kubuda ropa mudumbu. Gastroscopy inogona kuwana tupukanana tutsva twakakurumbira mudumbu pakutanga.
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Kenza yePancreatic
Kenza yepancreatic ndeimwe yekenza dzinouraya zvakanyanya dzinobata pancreas, nhengo iri kuseri kwedumbu. Inoitika kana masero asina kujairika mupancreas anotanga kukura zvisina kurongeka, zvichiita bundu. Matanho ekutanga ekenza yepancreas haawanzo kukonzera zviratidzo. Bundu richikura, rinogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakaita sekurwadziwa mudumbu, kurwadziwa kwemusana, kudzikira uremu, kurasikirwa nechido chekudya, uye jaundice. Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kukonzerwa nezvimwe zvirwere zvakare, saka zvakakosha kuona chiremba kana ukasangana nechimwe chazvo.
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Kenza yeprostate
Kenza yeprostate bundu rinowanzoonekwa kana masero ekenza yeprostate akakura uye akapararira mumuviri wemurume, uye kuwanda kwaro kunowedzera nekukura. Kunyangwe kuongororwa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa kwakakosha zvikuru, mamwe marapirwo achiri kubatsira kunonoka kufambira mberi kwechirwere uye kuvandudza huwandu hwevarwere vanopona. Kenza yeprostate inogona kuitika chero pazera ripi zvaro, asi kazhinji ndiyo inonyanya kuwanikwa muvarume vanopfuura makore makumi matanhatu. Varwere vazhinji vekenza yeprostate varume, asi panogonawo kunge paine vakadzi nevanhurume vanoita zveungochani.
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Kenza yeOvarian
Ovary ndeimwe yenhengo dzemukati dzevakadzi dzekubereka, uye ndiyo nhengo huru yevakadzi yekubereka. Basa rayo nderekugadzira mazai nekugadzira nekuburitsa mahormone, uye huwandu hwakawanda hwevakadzi hunowanikwa. Inotyisidzira zvakanyanya hupenyu neutano hwevakadzi.
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Kansa yeRenal
Kansa yemasero etsvo ibundu rinouraya rinobva muhurongwa hwemudumbu hweparenchyma yetsvo. Izwi rechikoro nderekuti renal cell carcinoma, inozivikanwawo serenal adenocarcinoma, inonzi renal cell carcinoma. Inosanganisira mhando dzakasiyana dzekenza yemasero etsvo inobva muzvikamu zvakasiyana zvetubule yetsvo, asi haisanganisire bundu rinobva mutubu retsvo re interstitium nerenal pelvis. Kare muna 1883, Grawitz, nyanzvi yezvirwere yekuGermany, akaona kuti... -
Kenza yeMapfupa
Chii chinonzi kenza yemapfupa? Iyi imhando yakasiyana yekutakura, furemu, uye mapfupa evanhu. Zvisinei, kunyangwe iyi sisitimu inoita seyakasimba inogona kuderedzwa uye kuva nzvimbo yekupotera bundu rine kenza. Bundu rine kenza rinogona kukura rakazvimiririra uye rinogonawo kugadzirwa kuburikidza nekuvandudzwa kwebundu risina kenza. Kazhinji, kana tichitaura nezvekenza yemapfupa, tinoreva iyo inonzi kenza inopararira, apo bundu rinokura mune dzimwe nhengo (mapapu, zamu, prostate) uye rinopararira padanho rekupedzisira, kusanganisira mapfupa ... -
Kenza yechiropa
Chii chinonzi kenza yechiropa? Kutanga, ngatidzidzei nezvechirwere chinonzi kenza. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, masero anokura, anokamurana, uye anotsiva masero ekare kuti afe. Iyi inzira yakarongeka zvakanaka ine nzira yakajeka yekudzora. Dzimwe nguva nzira iyi inoparadzwa uye inotanga kugadzira masero ayo muviri usingade. Mugumisiro ndewekuti bundu rinogona kunge risina njodzi kana kuti rine kenza. Bundu risina njodzi harisi kenza. Hadzizopararire kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri, uye hadzizokure zvakare mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Kunyangwe... -
Kansa yemudumbu
Carcinomaofrectum inonzi kenza yemudumbu, ibundu rinowanzoitika mudumbu, kuwanda kwaro kuri kwechipiri mushure megomarara remudumbu neregurokuro, ndiyo inonyanya kuwanda kenza yemudumbu (inenge 60%). Ruzhinji rwevarwere vane makore anopfuura 40, uye vanenge 15% vari pasi pemakore 30. Varume ndivo vanonyanya kuwanda, chiyero chevarume nevakadzi chiri 2-3:1 zvichienderana nekuongororwa kwekiriniki, zvakaonekwa kuti chikamu chegomarara remudumbu chinobva ku rectal polyps kana schistosomiasis; kuzvimba kwenguva refu kwemudumbu, mamwe anogona kukonzera kenza; kudya kune mafuta akawanda uye mapuroteni akawanda kunokonzera kuwedzera kwekubudiswa kwecholic acid, yekupedzisira inoora kuita unsaturated polycyclic hydrocarbons ne intestinal anaerobes, iyo inogonawo kukonzera kenza.
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Kenza yeMuromo weCervix
Gomarara remumuromo wechibereko, iro rinozivikanwawo segomarara remumuromo wechibereko, ndiro gomarara remadzimai rinonyanya kupararira munhengo dzekubereka dzevakadzi. HPV ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera njodzi yechirwere ichi. Gomarara remumuromo wechibereko rinogona kudzivirirwa nekuongororwa nguva dzose uye kubaiwa majekiseni. Gomarara remumuromo wechibereko rinorapwa zvakanyanya uye fungidziro yacho yakanaka.