Kududzirwa Kwakakwana kweCAR T-Cell Therapy

CAR-T (Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell), iyo inomiririra chimeric antigen receptor T-cells, inzira iyo masero eT emunhu anogadzirwa majini kunze kwemuviri kuti achinjwe, zvichiapa kugona kuziva nekuuraya masero ekenza zvinobudirira asati adzoserwa mumuviri wemurwere, nokudaro achizadzisa chinangwa chekurapa bundu rakaipa.
Kutaura zvazviri, kurapa kweCAR-T hakungoshandiswi kurapa kenza chete asiwo kune mukana mukuru muzvirwere zve autoimmune, hutachiona husingaperi, chirwere chemwoyo, uye zvirwere zvine chekuita nekukwegura.
Masero eT, anozivikanwawo seT lymphocytes, ndiwo ma lymphocytes makuru uye anonyanya kukonzera mhinduro dzemuviri kuzvirwere uye kudzivirira zvirwere. Ane mabasa akadai sekuuraya zvakananga masero anotarirwa, kubatsira nekudzivisa masero eB kugadzira masoja ekudzivirira muviri, kupindura kune maantigen nema mitogens chaiwo, uye kugadzira ma cytokines.
Ehe, masoja emuviri evanhu haangogumiri pamasero eT chete; anosanganisirawo masero eB, ma neutrophils, masero eK, masero eNK, nezvimwewo. Anoita basa rekubvisa marara mumuviri, kuziva nekugadzira masoja ekudzivirira chirwere, uye kuziva nekuuraya utachiona hwekunze nemasero ekenza.
Sezvo masero eT atove nebasa rekuziva nekuuraya masero egomarara, sei zvichikosha kuwedzera CAR kumasero eT kuti tigadzire masero eCAR-T ekuuraya masero egomarara? Izvi zvinotisvitsa kupfungwa yekudzivirira immune system, inova imwe yehunhu hukuru hwegomarara.
Kurapa neCAR-T, kana kuti CAR-T cell therapy, kunosanganisira kupatsanura masero eT emurwere, kuawedzera kunze kwemuviri, uye wozoisa mushonga weantigen wemasero ekenza CAR (chimeric antigen receptor) wakagadzirwa nemaoko kumasero eT. Mushure mekugadzirisa, basa reT lymphocytes rinorwisa bundu rinowedzera zvakanyanya risati radzoserwa mumuviri wemurwere, nokudaro zvichidzoreredza kugona kwemasero eT kuziva nekuuraya masero ekenza. Uyu ndiwo musimboti wekurapa nemasero eCAR-T.
Kurapa kweCAR-T kweImpact Bio IMPT-514 kwagamuchirwa neFDA.
Musi wa21 Nyamavhuvhu, 2024, Impact Bio yakazivisa kuti FDA yakanga yabvumidza kushandiswa kwayo kweIND kwekurapa kweIMPT-514 kwayakaita. IMPT-514 imhando yeCD19/CD20 CAR-T therapy inoshandiswa kurapa active refractory systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Muongororo yekiriniki, IMPT-514 yakaratidzwa kuti inoshanda zvikuru mukugadzira kubva kuvarwere vane immune control yakanyanya kubva kuzvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zve autoimmune, uye yakaratidza kugona kwayo kubvisa maB-cell ne cytokine profile. Axicabtagene ciloleucel CAR-T therapy ye large B-cell lymphoma ichiri kuratidza mhinduro yakasimba mushure memakore mashanu. Musi wa2 Nyamavhuvhu, 2024, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) yakaburitsa mushumo wedata pamusoro pehuwandu hwekurarama kwenguva refu mushure mekurapa kweCAR-T cell. Zvakabuda zvakaratidza kuti pakati pevarwere vakarapwa neCAR-T, mwero wekurarama usina kuenderera mberi kwemakore mashanu waiva 29%, mwero wekurarama kwese kwemakore mashanu (OS) waiva 40%, uye mwero wekurarama kwe5-year lymphoma-specific lymphoma-specific waiva 53%, nekudzokera shure kushoma. Axicabtagene ciloleucel i autologous CD19 chimeric antigen receptor CAR-T cell therapy inotenderwa kurapa relapse or refractory large B-cell lymphoma. Mhedziso: Munzvimbo yakajairika yekutarisira, mhedzisiro yekurapa yeaxicabtagene ciloleucel CAR-T inoenderana nemhedzisiro yakashumwa mumiedzo yekiriniki, nemhinduro dzinogara kwenguva refu dzakaonekwa pachiratidzo chemakore mashanu.
Kurapa kwekutanga kweCAR-T kwakabudirira pasi rose kwechirwere che autoimmune.

Musi wa4 Gumiguru, 2024, webhusaiti yeNature yakatungamira mushumo wekuzivisa mhedzisiro yekutsvagisa kubva kuchikwata chekuChina. Masayendisiti akashandisa tekinoroji yekugadzirisa majini yeCRISPR-Cas9 kugadzira masero eCAR-T ane hutano anobva kune vanopa rubatsiro vachitarisa CD19, vachigadzira chizvarwa chitsva chekurapa kweCAR-T kwemarudzi ese kwakabatsira varwere vatatu vane zvirwere zvakakomba zve autoimmune kuti vagamuchire kuregererwa kwenguva refu.