Kudzivirira Kenza yeColorectal

Ruzivo Rwakawanda Nezve Kenza yeColorectal

Kenza yemudumbu chirwere umo masero ekenza anouraya (kenza) anoumbwa mumatishu emudumbu kana mudumbu.
Utumbu huri mudumbu chikamu chegadziriro yekugaya chikafu yemuviri. Nzira yekugaya chikafu inobvisa nekushandisa zvinovaka muviri (mavhitamini, maminerari, makabhohaidhiretsi, mafuta, mapuroteni, nemvura) kubva muzvikafu uye inobatsira kubvisa tsvina mumuviri. Nzira yekugaya chikafu inoumbwa nemuromo, pahuro, pagurokuro, mudumbu, uye ura hudiki nehukuru. Utumbu (ura hukuru) chikamu chekutanga cheura hukuru uye chakareba mamita mashanu. Pamwe chete, rectum neanal canal zvinoumba chikamu chekupedzisira cheura hukuru uye zvine urefu hwemasendimita matanhatu kusvika masere. Utumbu hukuru hunogumira paanus (kuvhura ura hukuru kuenda kunze kwemuviri).

Kudzivirira Kenza yeColorectal

Kudzivisa zvinhu zvinoisa njodzi uye kuwedzera zvinhu zvinodzivirira zvinogona kubatsira kudzivirira kenza.
Kudzivisa zvinhu zvinokonzera kenza kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira mamwe magomarara. Zvinhu zvinokonzera kenza zvinosanganisira kusvuta, kufuta, uye kusaita maekisesaizi akakwana. Kuwedzera kwezvinhu zvinodzivirira zvakaita sekurega kusvuta uye kurovedza muviri kunogonawo kubatsira kudzivirira mamwe magomarara. Taura nachiremba wako kana imwe nyanzvi yehutano nezvekuti ungaderedza sei njodzi yako yegomarara.

Zvinhu zvinotevera zvinokonzera njodzi yekenza yemudumbu:

1. Zera

Njodzi yekubatwa nekenza yemudumbu inowedzera mushure memakore makumi mashanu. Zviitiko zvakawanda zvekenza yemudumbu zvinoonekwa mushure memakore makumi mashanu.

2. Nhoroondo yemhuri yekenza yemudumbu
Kuva nemubereki, munin'ina, hanzvadzi, kana mwana ane kenza yemudumbu kunowedzera kaviri mukana wemunhu wekuwana kenza yemudumbu.

3. Nhoroondo yehupenyu hwako
Kuva nenhoroondo yezvirwere zvinotevera kunowedzera njodzi yekubatwa nekenza yemudumbu:

• Kenza yemudumbu yaimbovapo kare.
• Ma adenoma ane njodzi huru (ma polyps e colorectal ane saizi ye 1 centimeter kana kupfuura kana ane masero anotaridzika asina kujairika pasi pe microscope).
• Kenza yemudumbu.
• Zvirwere zvemudumbu (zvakadai seulcerative colitis kana chirwere cheCrohn).

4. Njodzi inogarwa nhaka

Njodzi yekubatwa negomarara remudumbu inowedzera kana mamwe majini ane chekuita nefamilial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) kana kuti gomarara remudumbu risingapfuuri neropa (HNPCC kana Lynch Syndrome) zvikagara nhaka.

5. Doro

Kunwa zvinwiwa zvinodhaka zvitatu kana kupfuura pazuva kunowedzera njodzi yekubatwa negomarara remudumbu. Kunwa doro kunobatanidzwawo nenjodzi yekuumba matumbu makuru emudumbu (benign bundu).

6. Kusvuta fodya
Kusvuta fodya kwakabatana nekuwedzera kwenjodzi yekenza yemudumbu uye kufa nekuda kwekenza yemudumbu.
Kusvuta fodya kunobatanidzwawo nenjodzi yakakura yekuumba colorectal adenomas. Vanosvuta fodya vakavhiyiwa kubvisa colorectal adenomas vari panjodzi yakakura yekuti colorectal adenomas idzoke zvakare.

7. Mujaho
Vanhu vemuAmerica vane njodzi yakakura yekubatwa nekenza yemudumbu uye kufa nekenza yemudumbu zvichienzaniswa nemamwe marudzi.

8. Kufuta zvakanyanya
Kufuta kwakabatana nekuwedzera kwenjodzi yekenza yemudumbu uye kufa nekuda kwekenza yemudumbu.

Zvinhu zvinotevera zvinodzivirira zvinoderedza njodzi yekenza yemudumbu:

1. Kurovedza muviri

Mararamiro anosanganisira kurovedza muviri nguva dzose ane chekuita nekudzikira kwenjodzi yekubatwa nekenza yemudumbu.

2. Asipirini
Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti kutora aspirin kunoderedza njodzi yekuva nekenza yemudumbu uye njodzi yekufa nekenza yemudumbu. Kudzikira kwenjodzi kunotanga makore gumi kusvika makumi maviri mushure mekunge varwere vatanga kutora aspirin.
Kukuvadza kunogona kuitika kana munhu akashandisa aspirin (100 mg kana pasi) zuva nezuva kana mamwe mazuva maviri anosanganisira kuwedzera njodzi yekurwara nestroke uye kubuda ropa mudumbu nemumatumbu. Njodzi idzi dzinogona kunge dzakakura pakati pevanhu vakuru, varume, uye avo vane zvirwere zvine chekuita nenjodzi yekubuda ropa iri pamusoro penguva dzose.

3. Kurapa kwekutsiva mahormone akasanganiswa
Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti mushonga wekutsiva mahormone (HRT) unosanganisira estrogen neprogestin unoderedza njodzi yekenza yemudumbu inopararira mumadzimai apedza kuenda kumwedzi.
Zvisinei, muvakadzi vanotora mushonga weHRT pamwe chete vobva vaita kenza yemudumbu, kenza iyi inogona kukura zvakanyanya kana yaonekwa uye njodzi yekufa nekenza yemudumbu haidzikiswi.
Kukuvadza kunogona kuitika kuburikidza nekushandisa HRT pamwe chete kunosanganisira kuwedzera kwenjodzi yekuve ne:

• Kenza yemazamu.
• Chirwere chemwoyo.
• Kugwamba kweropa.

4. Kubviswa kwepolyp
Mazhinji emapolyps emudumbu madiki iadenomas, ayo anogona kukura kuita kenza. Kubvisa mapolyps emudumbu madiki akakura kupfuura 1 centimeter (saizi yepizi) kunogona kuderedza njodzi yekenza yemudumbu madiki. Hazvizivikanwe kana kubvisa mapolyps madiki kunoderedza njodzi yekenza yemudumbu madiki.
Kukuvadzwa kunogona kuitika kana munhu abviswa polyp panguva ye colonoscopy kana sigmoidoscopy kunosanganisira kubvaruka kwemadziro eura uye kubuda ropa.

Hazvisi pachena kana zvinotevera zvichikanganisa njodzi yekubatwa nekenza yemudumbu:

1. Mishonga isingashandisi masteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) kunze kweaspirin
Hazvizivikanwe kana kushandiswa kwemishonga isiri yesteroidal inorwisa kuzvimba kana NSAIDs (yakadai sesulindac, celecoxib, naproxen, uye ibuprofen) kunoderedza njodzi yekenza yemudumbu.
Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti kutora mushonga wekudzivirira kuzvimba usingashandisi steroidal unonzi celecoxib kunoderedza njodzi yekuti masero eropa adenomas (matumbu asina njodzi) adzoke mushure mekunge abviswa. Hazvisi pachena kana izvi zvichikonzera njodzi shoma yekenza yeropa.
Kutora sulindac kana celecoxib kwakaratidzwa kuderedza huwandu nehukuru hwema polyps anoumbwa muura nerectum yevanhu vane familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Hazvisi pachena kana izvi zvichikonzera njodzi yakaderera yekenza yemudumbu.
Matambudziko angangoitika eNSAIDs anosanganisira:

• Matambudziko eitsvo.
• Kubuda ropa mudumbu, muura, kana muuropi.
• Matambudziko emwoyo akadai sekurwadziwa kwemoyo uye kushaya simba kwemoyo.

2. Karusiyamu
Hazvizivikanwe kana kutora mishonga yecalcium kunoderedza njodzi yekenza yemudumbu.

3. Kudya
Hazvizivikanwe kana kudya chikafu chine mafuta mashoma nenyama shoma uye chine fiber yakawanda, michero, nemiriwo kunoderedza njodzi yekubatwa nekenza yemudumbu.
Dzimwe ongororo dzakaratidza kuti kudya zvine mafuta akawanda, mapuroteni, macalorie, uye nyama kunowedzera njodzi yekubatwa nekenza yemudumbu, asi dzimwe ongororo hadzina kudaro.

Zvinhu zvinotevera hazvikanganisi njodzi yekenza yemudumbu:

1. Kurapa kwekutsiva mahormone ne estrogen chete
Kurapa nekutsiva mahormone ne estrogen chete hakuderedzi njodzi yekuve nekenza yemudumbu kana njodzi yekufa nekenza yemudumbu.

2. Mishonga yeStatin
Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti kutora mishonga yestatins (mishonga inoderedza cholesterol) hakuwedzere kana kuderedza njodzi yekenza yemudumbu.

Miedzo yekiriniki yekudzivirira kenza inoshandiswa kudzidza nzira dzekudzivirira kenza.
Miedzo yekiriniki yekudzivirira kenza inoshandiswa kudzidza nzira dzekuderedza njodzi yekubatwa nemamwe marudzi ekenza. Mimwe miedzo yekudzivirira kenza inoitiswa nevanhu vane hutano hwakanaka vasina kumbobvira vabatwa nekenza asi vane njodzi yakakura yekubatwa nekenza. Mimwe miedzo yekudzivirira inoitiswa nevanhu vakambobatwa nekenza uye vari kuedza kudzivirira imwe kenza yerudzi rumwe chete kana kuderedza mukana wavo wekuwana mhando itsva yekenza. Mimwe miedzo inoitiswa nevanhu vane hutano hwakanaka vasingazivikanwe kuti vane chero zvinhu zvinokonzera kenza.
Chinangwa chemimwe miedzo yekiriniki yekudzivirira kenza ndechekuona kana zviito zvinoitwa nevanhu zvichigona kudzivirira kenza. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kurovedza muviri zvakanyanya kana kurega kusvuta kana kutora mimwe mishonga, mavhitamini, maminerari, kana zvekudya zvinowedzera.
Nzira itsva dzekudzivirira gomarara remudumbu dziri kudzidzwa mumiedzo yekiriniki.

Kwakabva: http://www.chinancpcn.org.cn/cancerMedicineClassic/guideDetail?sId=CDR258007&type=1